Lustre Monitoring and Statistics Guide: Difference between revisions

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== DRAFT IN PROGRESS ==
This content has moved to the [http://wiki.lustre.org/Lustre_Monitoring_and_Statistics_Guide lustre.org Wiki].
 
 
== Introduction ==
 
There are a variety of useful statistics and counters available on Lustre servers and clients. This is an attempt to detail some of these statistics and methods for collecting and working with them.
 
This does not include Lustre log analysis.
 
The presumed audience for this is system administrators attempting to better understand and monitor their Lustre file systems.
 
== Lustre Versions ==
 
This information is based on working primarily with Lustre 2.4 and 2.5.
 
== Reading /proc vs lctl ==
 
'cat /proc/fs/lustre...' vs 'lctl get_param'
 
With newer Lustre versions, 'lctl get_pram' is the standard and recommended way to get these stats. This is to insure portability. I will use this method in all examples, a bonus is it can be often be a little shorter syntax.
 
== Data Formats ==
Format of the various statistics type files varies (and I'm not sure if there is any reason for this). The format names here are entirely *my invention*, this isn't a standard for Lustre or anything.
 
It is useful to know the various formats of these files so you can parse the data and collect for use in other tools.
 
=== Stats ===
 
What I consider a "standard" stats files include for example each OST or MDT as a multi-line record, and then just the data.
 
Example:
<pre>
obdfilter.scratch-OST0001.stats=
snapshot_time            1409777887.590578 secs.usecs
read_bytes                27846475 samples [bytes] 4096 1048576 14421705314304
write_bytes              16230483 samples [bytes] 1 1048576 14761109479164
get_info                  3735777 samples [reqs]
</pre>
 
snapshot_time = when the stats were written
<p>
For read_bytes and write_bytes:
First number = number of times (samples) the OST has handled a read or write.
Second number = the minimum read/write size
Third number = maximum read/write size
Fourth = sum of all the read/write requests in bytes, the quantity of data read/written.
 
=== Jobstats  ===
 
Jobstats are slightly more complex multi-line records. Each OST or MDT also has an entry for each jobid (or procname_uid perhaps), and then the data.
 
Example:
<pre>
obdfilter.scratch-OST0000.job_stats=job_stats:
- job_id:          56744
  snapshot_time:  1409778251
  read:            { samples:      18722, unit: bytes, min:    4096, max: 1048576, sum:    17105657856 }
  write:          { samples:        478, unit: bytes, min:    1238, max: 1048576, sum:      412545938 }
  setattr:        { samples:          0, unit:  reqs }  punch:          { samples:          95, unit:  reqs }
- job_id: . . . ETC
</pre>
 
Notice this is very similar to 'stats' above. But there's a lot of extra: { bling: }! Why? Just because it got coded that way?
 
=== Single ===
 
These really boil down to just a single number in a file. But if you use "lctl get_param" you get an output that is nice for parsing. For example:
<pre>[COMMAND LINE]# lctl get_param osd-ldiskfs.*OST*.kbytesavail
 
 
osd-ldiskfs.scratch-OST0000.kbytesavail=10563714384
osd-ldiskfs.scratch-OST0001.kbytesavail=10457322540
osd-ldiskfs.scratch-OST0002.kbytesavail=10585374532
</pre>
 
=== Histogram ===
 
Some stats are histograms, these types aren't covered here. Typically they're useful on their own without further parsing(?)
 
 
* brw_stats
* extent_stats
 
 
 
== Interesting Statistics Files  ==
 
This is a collection of various stats files that I have found useful. It is *not* complete or exhaustive. For example, you will noticed these are mostly server stats. There are a wealth of client stats too not detailed here. Additions or corrections are welcome.
 
* Host Type = MDS, OSS, client
* Target = "lctl get_param target"
* Format = data format discussed above
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Host Type !! Target !! Format !! Discussion
|-
| MDS || mdt.*MDT*.num_exports || single || number of exports per MDT - these are clients, including other lustre servers
|-
| MDS || mdt.*.job_stats || jobstats || Metadata jobstats. Note that with lustre DNE you may have more than one MDT, so even if you don't it may be wise to design any tools with that assumption.
|-
| OSS || obdfilter.*.job_stats || jobstats || the per OST jobstats.
|-
| MDS || mdt.*.md_stats || stats || Overall metadata stats per MDT
|-
| MDS || mdt.*MDT*.exports.*@*.stats || stats || Per-export metadata stats. Exports are clients, this also includes other lustre servers. The exports are named by interfaces, which can be unweildy. See "lltop" for an example of a script that used this data well. The sum of all the export stats should provide the same data as md_stats, but it is still very convenient to have md_stats, "ltop" uses them for example.
|-
| OSS || obdfilter.*.stats || stats || Operations per OST. Read and write data is particularly interesting
|-
| OSS || obdfilter.*OST*.exports.*@*.stats || stats || per-export OSS statistics
|-
| MDS || osd-*.*MDT*.filesfree or filestotal || single || available or total inodes
|-
| MDS || osd-*.*MDT*.kbytesfree or kbytestotal || single || available or total disk space
|-
| OSS || obdfilter.*OST*.kbytesfree or kbytestotal, filesfree, filestotal || single || inodes and disk space as in MDS version
|-
| OSS || ldlm.namespaces.filter-*.pool.stats || stats || lustre distributed lock manager (ldlm) stats. I do not fully understand all of these stats. It also appears that these same stats are duplicated a single stats. Perhaps this is just a convenience.
|-
| OSS || ldlm.namespaces.filter-*.lock_count || single || lustre distributed lock manager (ldlm) locks
|-
| OSS || ldlm.namespaces.filter-*.pool.granted || single || lustre distributed lock manager (ldlm) granted locks - normally this matches lock_count. I am not sure of what the differences are, or what it means when they don't match.
|-  | OSS || ldlm.namespaces.filter-*.pool.grant_plan || single || ldlm lock planned number of granted locks (see 'glossary' in  http://wiki.lustre.org/doxygen/HEAD/api/html/ldlm__pool_8c_source.html)
|-
| OSS || ldlm.namespaces.filter-*.pool.grant_rate || single || ldlm lock grant rate aka 'GR'
|-
| OSS || ldlm.namespaces.filter-*.pool.grant_speed || single || ldlm lock grant speed = grant_rate - cancel_rate. You can use this to derive cancel_rate 'CR'. Or you can just get 'CR' from the stats file I assume.
|}
 
== Working With the Data ==
 
Packages, tools, and techniques for working with Lustre statistics.
 
=== Open Source Monitoring Packages ===
 
*LMT - provides 'top' style monitoring of server nodes, and historical data via mysql. https://github.com/chaos/lmt
*lltop and xltop - monitoring with batch scheduler integration. Newer Lustre versions with jobstats likely provide similar data very conveniently, but these are still very good for examples of working with monitoring data. https://github.com/jhammond/lltop https://github.com/jhammond/xltop
 
=== Commercial Monitoring Packages ===
* Terascala 'teraos'
* DDN datablarker
* Intel Enterprise Edition for Linux Managerator
 
=== Build it Yourself ===
 
Here are basic steps and techniques for working with the Lustre statistics.
 
# '''Gather''' the data on hosts you are monitoring. Deal with the syntax, extract what you want
# '''Collect''' the data centrally - either pull or push it to your server, or collection of monitoring servers.
# '''Process''' the data - this may be optional or minimal.
# '''Alert''' on the data - optional but often useful.
# '''Present''' the data - allow for visualization, analysis, etc.
 
Some recent tools for working with metrics and time series data have made some of the more difficult parts of this task relatively easy, especially graphical presentation.
 
Here are details of some solutions tested or in use:
 
==== Collectl and Ganglia ====
 
Collectl supports Lustre stats. Note there have recently been some changes, Lustre support in collectl is moving to plugins:  http://sourceforge.net/p/collectl/mailman/message/31992463 https://github.com/pcpiela/collectl-lustre
 
This process is not based on the new versions, but they should work similarly.
 
# collectl - does the '''gather''' by writing to a text file on the host being monitored
# ganglia does the '''collect''' via gmond and python script 'collectl.py' and '''present''' via ganglia web pages - there is no alerting.
 
See https://wiki.rocksclusters.org/wiki/index.php/Roy_Dragseth#Integrating_collectl_and_ganglia
 
 
==== Perl and Graphite ====
 
 
Graphite is a very convenient tool for storing, working with, and rendering graphs of time-series data. At SSEC we did a quick prototype for collecting and sending MDS and OSS data using perl. The choice of perl is not particularly important, python or the tool of your choice is fine.
 
Software Used:
* Graphite and Carbon - http://graphite.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
* Lustrestats.pm - perl module to parse different types of lustre stats, used by lustrestats scripts
* lustrestats scripts - these are simply run every minute via cron on the servers you monitor. For the SSEC prototype we simply sent text data via a TCP socket. The check_mk scripts in the next section have replaced these original test scripts.
* Grafana - http://grafana.org - this is a dashboard and graph editor for graphite. It is not required, as graphite can be used directly, but is very convenient. I allows for not just ease of creating dashboards, but also encoruages rapid interactive analysis of the data. Note that elasticsearch can be used to store dashboards for grafana, but is not required.
 
==== check_mk and Graphite ====
 
Another option is instead of directly sending with perl, use a check_mk local agent check.
 
The local agent and pnp4nagios mean a reasonable infrastructure is already in place for alerting and also collecting performance data.
 
While collecting via perl allowed us to send the timestamp from the Lustre stats (when they exist) directly to Carbon, Graphite's data collection tool. When using the check_mk method this timestamp is lost, so timestamps are then based on when the local agent check runs. This will introduce some inaccuracy - a delay of up to your sample rate.
 
Collecting via both methods allows you to see this difference. This graph shows all the "export" stats summed for each method, with derivative applied to create a rate of change. "CMK" is the check_mk data and "timestamped" was from the perl script. Plotting the raw counter data of course shows very little, but with this derived data you can see the difference.
 
This data was sampled once per minute:
 
[[File:Cmk-perl.PNG|400px]]
 
For our uses at SSEC, this was acceptable. Sampling much more frequently will of course make the error smaller.
 
 
* Graphite - http://graphite.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
* Lustrestats.pm - perl module to parse different types of lustre stats, used by lustrestats scripts
* OMD - check_mk, nagios, pnp4nagios
* check_mk local scripts - these are called via check_mk, at whatever rate is desired. http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/~scottn/files/lustre_stats_mds.cmk http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/~scottn/files/lustre_stats_oss.cmk
* graphios https://github.com/shawn-sterling/graphios - a python script to send your nagios performance data to graphite
* Grafana - http://grafana.org - not required, but convenient for dashboards.
 
'''Grafana Lustre Dashboard Screenshots:'''
 
[[File:Meta-oveview.PNG|200px|Metadata for multiple file systems.]] [[File:Fs-dashboard.png|200px|Dashboard for a lustre file system.]]
 
==== Logstash, python, and Graphite ====
 
Brock Palen discusses this method: http://www.failureasaservice.com/2014/10/lustre-stats-with-graphite-and-logstash.html
 
==== Collectd plugin and Graphite ====
 
This talk mentions a custom collectd plugin to send stats to graphite:
http://www.opensfs.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/D3_S31_FineGrainedFileSystemMonitoringwithLustreJobstat.pdf
 
Unsure if the source for that plugin is available.
 
 
== References and Links ==
 
 
* Daniel Kobras, "Lustre - Finding the Lustre Filesystem Bottleneck", LAD2012. http://www.eofs.eu/fileadmin/lad2012/06_Daniel_Kobras_S_C_Lustre_FS_Bottleneck.pdf
* Florent Thery, "Centralized Lustre Monitoring on Bull Platforms", LAD2013. http://www.eofs.eu/fileadmin/lad2013/slides/11_Florent_Thery_LAD2013-lustre-bull-monitoring.pdf
* Daniel Rodwell and Patrick Fitzhenry, "Fine-Grained File System Monitoring with Lustre Jobstat", LUG2014. http://www.opensfs.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/D3_S31_FineGrainedFileSystemMonitoringwithLustreJobstat.pdf
* Gabriele Paciucci and Andrew Uselton, "Monitoring the Lustre* file system to maintain optimal performance", LAD2013. http://www.eofs.eu/fileadmin/lad2013/slides/15_Gabriele_Paciucci_LAD13_Monitoring_05.pdf
* Christopher Morrone, "LMT Lustre Monitoring Tools", LUG2011. http://cdn.opensfs.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/400-430_Chris_Morrone_LMT_v2.pdf
 
* https://github.com/jhammond/lltop
* https://github.com/chaos/lmt
* https://github.com/chaos/cerebro
* http://graphite.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
* https://mathias-kettner.de/check_mk
* https://github.com/shawn-sterling/graphios

Latest revision as of 15:14, 3 June 2015

This content has moved to the lustre.org Wiki.